Saint John Chrysostom

1. Introduction

This Orthodox icon, known as “Saint John Chrysostom,” is a classic depiction of one of the greatest saints of the Orthodox Church. The icon portrays the saint in episcopal vestments, highlighting his spiritual rank and significance. Such icons were often used in churches and homes for prayerful veneration. Crafted in the traditional technique on a wooden base, it is a valuable example of religious art.

2. History and Origin

The “Saint John Chrysostom” icon has its roots in Byzantine tradition, which heavily influenced Russian iconography. Saint John Chrysostom, who lived in the 4th–5th centuries, was the Archbishop of Constantinople and one of the three Ecumenical Hierarchs, renowned for his sermons and theological works. Icons depicting him were created as early as the early Christian period, but they became widely popular in Russia between the 15th and 18th centuries. Based on its style and technique, this icon likely dates to the 17th–18th centuries and may have been crafted in a workshop in Central Russia, such as Novgorod or Moscow. These icons were often commissioned for churches or created for personal prayer, reflecting deep reverence for the saint.

3. Design and Materials

The icon is executed in the traditional tempera painting technique on a wooden board coated with levkas, a primer made of chalk and glue. Saint John Chrysostom is depicted full-length, with a halo around his head symbolizing holiness. He is dressed in episcopal vestments: a dark red sakkos with black crosses and an omophorion, indicating his bishopric rank. In his left hand, the saint holds a Gospel book adorned with ornamentation, while his right hand is raised in a blessing gesture. The background is painted in warm ochre tones, with a dark varnish that has cracked over time, creating a craquelure effect. The icon’s frame has an arched top with carved detailing, typical of the period. The saint’s face is painted with great care: his features are stern, with a long beard, and his gaze is deep and focused, conveying wisdom and spiritual strength. Old Slavonic inscriptions on the sides of the icon confirm its authenticity and historical value.

4. Technical Specifications

• Dimensions: Approximately 35 cm in height and 25 cm in width (estimated based on the image with a ruler).
• Board Thickness: About 2–3 cm, typical for icons of that period.
• Weight: Approximately 1.8–2.2 kg, considering the wooden base and levkas layer.
• Materials: Wood (likely linden), tempera, levkas, varnish.
• Condition: Shows signs of aging—darkened varnish, minor cracks—but overall well-preserved.

5. Value

The value of the “Saint John Chrysostom” icon depends on its age, condition, and provenance. For a 17th–18th century icon in good condition like this one, the price on the antique market may range from $6,000 to $18,000 USD. If the icon is linked to a renowned workshop or has a verified history, its value could be higher. A professional appraisal is necessary for an accurate assessment, as the religious art market often faces issues with forgeries. The icon’s spiritual significance for believers also greatly enhances its worth.

6. Conclusion

The “Saint John Chrysostom” icon is not only a work of art but also a significant spiritual artifact, reflecting the rich tradition of Orthodox iconography. Its historical value, quality craftsmanship, and spiritual meaning make it a valuable acquisition for collectors and the faithful. If you are considering purchasing such an icon, it is recommended to consult an expert to verify its authenticity. This image will serve as a source of inspiration and prayerful support in your home.